| | | Type | Year Published |
| Adams, Eston | A Reconsideration of the Apse of Hagia Eirene | Thesis | 2011 |
| James, Liz | As the actress said to the bishop ...': the portrayal of Byzantine women in English-language fiction (Original Title: Who's that girl? Personifications of the Byzantine empress) | Book Section | 2003 |
| James, Liz | As the actress said to the bishop...Byzantine women in English-language Fiction | Book Section | 2000 |
| Garland, Lynda | Byzantine empresses women and power in Byzantium, AD 527-1204 | Book | 1999 |
| Tsirpanlis, Constantine N. | Byzantine reactions to the coronation of Charlemagne (780-813) | Journal Article | 1974 |
| Miller, Dean A. | Byzantine Sovereignty and Feminine Potencies | | 1992 |
| Winkelmann, Friedhelm | Byzanz und die Zeit der Kaiserin Eirene | Journal Article | 1980 |
| Lilie, Ralph-Johannes | Byzanz Unter Eirene und Konstantin VI | Book | 1996 |
| Bury, J. B. | Charles the Great and Irene | Journal Article | 1893 |
| Ohnsorge, Werner | Das Kaisertum der Eirene | Journal Article | 1964 |
| Kotsis, Kriszta | Defining Female Authority in Eighth-Century Byzantium: The Numismatic Images of the Empress Irene (797–802) | Journal Article | 2012 |
| El-Cheikh, Nadia M. | Describing the Other to Get at the Self: Byzantine Women in Arabic Sources (8th-11th Centuries) | Journal Article | 1997 |
| Halkin, François | Deux impératrices de Byzance | Journal Article | 1988 |
| Maslev, Stefan | Die staatsrechtliche Stellung der byzantinischen Kaiserinnen | Journal Article | 1966 |
| Hiestand, R. | Eirene Basileus: die Frau als Herrscherin im Mittelalter | Book Section | 1990 |
| Ciggaar, Krijnie | Encore une fois Chrétien de Troyes et la matière byzantine: la révolution des femmes au palais de Constantinople | Journal Article | 1995 |
| Irmscher, Johannes | Frau, Ehe und Familie in Byzanz | Journal Article | 1985 |
| Lee, Jessica R. | Gendered Souls: Female Religious and Imperial Power in Early Byzantium | Thesis | 2014 |
| Speck, P. J. | Ikonen auf dem Kopfkissen oder über die Dauerhaftigkeit von Legenden und historiographischen Klischees | Journal Article | 1990 |
| Herrin, Judith | In Search of Byzantine Women: Three Avenues of Approach | Book Section | 1983 |
| Barbe, Dominique | Irène de Byzance: la femme empereur | Book | 1990 |
| Sear, David | Irene of Athens, Empress of Byzantium | Journal Article | 2001 |
| Brandes, Wolfram | Irene und das Kaisertum um 800. Nur eine ehrgeizige Frau? | Book Section | 2007 |
| Marmor, Arnold | Irene, Empress of the Romans, and her coins | Journal Article | 1974 |
| Bergamo, Nicola | Irene, Imperatore di Bisanzio | Journal Article | 2011 |
| Arvites, J. A. | Irene: Woman Emperor of Constantinople | Thesis | 1979 |
| McClanan, Anne | Issues Concerning the Numismatic Record of Byzantine Iconoclasm | Conference Proceedings | 1996 |
| Payer, Alja; Glaßner, Gottfried | Kaiserinnen machten Kirchengeschichte: Helena, Pulcheria, Eudokia, Theodora I., Eirene, Theodora II., Theophanu | Book | 2002 |
| Schieffer, Rudolf | Karl der Große, Eirene und der Ursprung des westlichen Kaisertums | Book Section | 2004 |
| Spadaro, Maria Dora | La basilissa Irene e la congiura contro il figlio Giovanni Comneno | Journal Article | 2000 |
| Talbot, Alice Mary | La donna | Book Section | 1992 |
| Olmos, José María de Francisco, | La Mujer en la Europa del Románico. Asalto al poder monárquico | Journal Article | 2003 |
| Magnani, Alberto | La Regalità Femminile Tra Oriente e Occidente Nella Tarda Antichità | Journal Article | 2011 |
| Bensammar, Elisabeth | La titulature de l'impératrice et sa signification: Recherches sur les sources byzantines de la fin du VIIIe siècle à la fin du XIIe siècle | Journal Article | 1976 |
| Halkin, François | La vie de l'impératrice Sainte Irène | Journal Article | 1988 |
| Cheynet, Jean-Claude | Les Sceaux des Impératrices à Byzance | Book Section | 2006 |
| Cheynet, Jean-Claude | Les Sceaux des Impératrices à Byzance | Book Section | 2006 |
| Ravegnani, Giorgio | L'imperatrice di ferro: Irene | Journal Article | 1996 |
| Whittow, Mark | Motherhood and Power in Early Medieval Europe, West and East: The Strange Case of the Empress Eirene | Book Section | 2011 |
| Doom, Erin Michael | Patriarch, monk and empress: A Byzantine debate over icons | Thesis | 2005 |
| Nilsson, Carina | Perspectives of Power: Byzantine Imperial Women | Journal Article | 2009 |
| Herrin, Judith | Political Power and Christian Faith in Byzantium: the case of Irene (Regent 780-90, Emperor 797-802) | Book Section | 2004 |
| Hen, Yitzhak | Roman Barbarians: The Royal Court and Culture in the Early Medieval West | Book | 2007 |
| Miller, Dean | Royauté et ambiguïté sexuelle | Journal Article | 1971 |
| Austin, Cheridan E. | Sex and Political Legitimacy: an Examination of Byzantine Empresses (399 -1056 c.e.) | Thesis | 2010 |
| Runciman, Steven | Some Notes on the Role of the Empress | Journal Article | 1972 |
| Rydén, Lennart | The Bride-shows at the Byzantine Court - History or Fiction? | Journal Article | 1985 |
| Treadgold, Warren | The Bride-Shows of the Byzantine Emperors | Journal Article | 1979 |
| Treadgold, Warren | The Byzantine Revival 780-842 | Book | 1988 |
| Nilsson, Carina | The Empress in Late Antiquity and the Roman Origins of the Imperial Feminine | Thesis | 2011 |
