| | | Type | Year Published |
| Schneider, Eugenia Equini | Septimia Zenobia Sebaste | Book | 1993 |
| Schuller, Wolfgang | Herrscherinnen der Spätantike | Book Section | 1987 |
| Shinjiro, Kodama | On the Titles of King Vaballth and Queen Zenobia of Palmyra (in Japanese) | Journal Article | 1958 |
| Smith II, Andrew M. | Identity, Community, and State Formation at Roman Palmyra | Thesis | 2004 |
| Smith II, Andrew M. | Identity, Community, and State Formation At Roman Palmyra | Thesis | 2004 |
| Sommer, Michael | Der Löwe von Tadmor. Der unwahrscheinliche Aufstieg des Septimius Odaenathus (The Lion of Tadmor. Palmyra and the Improbable Ascension of Septimius Odaenathus) | Journal Article | 2008 |
| Southern, P. | Empress Zenobia. Palmyra's Rebel Queen | Book | 2008 |
| Southern, P. | Empress Zenobia. Palmyra's Rebel Queen | Book | 2008 |
| Spolidoro, Francesca | Empress Zenobia and Gender Bias Amongst the Romans | Journal Article | 2011 |
| Straubhaar, S. B. | Holberg's Apology for Zenobia of Palmyra and Catherine I | Journal Article | 1997 |
| Talas, Mustafá | Zanubiya malikat Tadmur. English. Zenobia, the queen of Palmyra | Book | 2000 |
| Talas, Mustafá | Zanubiya malikat Tadmur. English. Zenobia, the queen of Palmyra | Book | 2000 |
| Tubach, Jürgen | Adda und die Schwester der Königin von Palmyra | Journal Article | 1996 |
| Waller, Susan | The Artist, the Writer, and the Queen: Hosmer, Jameson, and 'Zenobia' | Journal Article | 1983 |
| Waller, Susan | The Artist, the Writer, and the Queen: Hosmer, Jameson, and 'Zenobia' | Journal Article | 1983 |
| Ware, William | Zenobia; or, The fall of Palmyra: A Historical Romance | Book | 1844 |
| Ware, William | Zenobia, Queen of the East, or, Letters from Palmyra | Book | 1847 |
| Watson, Alaric | Aurelian and the Third Century | Book | 2004 |
| Weststeijn, Johan | Zenobia of Palmyra and the Book of Judith: Common Motifs in Greek, Jewish, and Arabic Historiography | Journal Article | 2013 |
| Wieber-Scariot, Anja | Herrscherin und doch ganz Frau: zur Darstellung antiker Herrscherinnen im Film der 50er und 60er Jahre | Journal Article | 1998 |
| Winsbury, Rex | Zenobia of Palmyra: History, Myth and the Neo-Classical Imagination | Book | 2010 |
| Winsbury, Rex | Zenobia of Palmyra: History, Myth and the Neo-Classical Imagination | Book | 2010 |
| Woltering, Robbert A. F. L. | Zenobia or al-Zabba?: The Modern Arab Literary Reception of the Palmyran Protagonist | | 2014 |
| Yon, Jean-Baptiste | Zénobie et les femmes de Palmyre | Journal Article | 2002 |
| Young, Gayle | A worthy warrior queen: Perceptions of Zenobia in ancient Rome | Thesis | 2009 |
| Young, Gayle | A worthy warrior queen: Perceptions of Zenobia in ancient Rome | Thesis | 2009 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia: Between Reality and Legend | Book | 2010 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia between Reality and Legend: A re-examination of the life of Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra (Syria), and her struggle with the Roman Empire and other powers in the 3rd century AD | Book | 2003 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia Between Reality and Legend | Journal Article | 2004 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia: Between Reality and Legend | Book | 2010 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia between Reality and Legend: A re-examination of the life of Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra (Syria), and her struggle with the Roman Empire and other powers in the 3rd century AD | Book | 2003 |
| Zahran, Yasmine | Zenobia Between Reality and Legend | Journal Article | 2004 |
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